在远跳起飞期间,模拟的脚背部屈曲限制对下肢生物力学方面的差异
Zanni Zhang1, Datao Xu1,2, Xiangli Gao1
1Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
Heliyon
|January 13, 2025
概括
在远跳运动员中将脚背部屈曲限制在10°,可以提高垂直起飞速度,并可能提高性能. 这一特定的极限优化了关节的力量和稳定性,可能减少运动员受伤的风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 竞技表现运动员的表现
背景情况:
- 远跳需要速度,力量和平衡的复杂相互作用.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨受限脚背部屈曲对远跳表现的影响.
- 脚踏板可以限制脚的运动范围,这可能会影响起飞机制的一个因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究长跃起飞时不同脚背部屈曲限制的生物力学影响.
- 为了确定有限的脚背部屈曲如何影响下肢关节动力学和动力学.
- 确定最佳的脚背部屈曲极限,以提高远跳的性能和降低受伤风险.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及30名男子二级跳远运动员的横截面研究.
- 测试了三个条件:没有背部屈曲限制,10度限制和20度限制.
- 收集了运动捕捉 (Vicon) 和力板 (AMTI) 数据,并使用肌肉骨模型和SPM1D统计分析进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 增加脚背部屈曲限制导致起飞时垂直速度增加.
- 10°的限制显示了最高的峰值延伸角度,角速度和膝关节和关节的功率.
- 脚,膝盖和部的联合力受到改变的踏板角度的显著影响.
结论:
- 一个10°的脚背屈曲极限似乎是最佳的,增加垂直速度与最小的水平速度损失,从而潜在地提高长跃性能.
- 这种限制可能会增加膝关节关节肌肉的协同激活,有助于改善稳定性.
- 运动员可能会从将10°脚背部屈曲极限纳入他们的训练方案中获益,以提高性能和减轻伤害.
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