影响菲律宾老年人BMI的环境因素使用机器学习进行空间评估
D K Mendoza1, A B Araza2,3, L D Groot4
1Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Heliyon
|January 13, 2025
概括
环境因素会影响菲律宾老年人身体质量指数 (BMI). 靠近城市和道路的紧密相连的社区与老年人中超重-肥胖率较高有关.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 地理空间分析是什么?
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
背景情况:
- 了解老年人身体质量指数 (BMI) 的环境决定因素对于公共健康至关重要.
- 地理空间和遥感数据为评估邻里级环境因素提供了新的方法.
- 在不同的人群中,营养状况有很大差异,需要进行局部研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估影响老年人BMI的环境变量.
- 绘制正常,超重-肥胖和体重不足的老年人的概率分布.
- 确定公共卫生干预和政策实施的优先领域.
主要方法:
- 将开放式遥感和地理空间数据与2021年菲律宾营养调查集成.
- 集体机器学习的应用 (仅存在和存在缺席模型) 与超参数调.
- 组合模型的交叉验证产生了高性能指标 (AUC=0.76-0.93,TSS=0.45-0.81).
主要成果:
- 靠近主要城市和道路的街区,以及拥有一个密集的道路网络的街区,与更高的超重和肥胖患病率有关.
- 这一发现与西方研究形成鲜明对比,可能是由于热带发展中国家独特的因素 (例如公共交通,天气,可行性,COVID-19限制).
- 概率分布图显示,菲律宾城市老年人中,尤其是城市中心附近的老年人中,主要存在超重和肥胖状况.
结论:
- 环境因素,特别是城市附近和道路网络密度,显著影响菲律宾老年人的BMI.
- 该研究强调了需要在热带发展中国家进行特定背景干预的必要性.
- 确定优先社区为地方政府单位提供可操作的见解,以实施有针对性的卫生政策.
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