暴露于环境污染物和严重精神障碍之间的关系是什么? 对共享的生物途径进行系统审查
Pierluigi Catapano1, Mario Luciano1, Salvatore Cipolla1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy.
环境污染物和气候变化通过炎症和氧化应激等生物途径影响严重的精神障碍 (SMD). 了解这些机制对于推进心理健康研究和治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 严重的精神障碍 (SMD) 源于包括环境因素在内的复杂相互作用.
- 污染和气候变化越来越多地与SMD的发展有关.
- 将环境暴露与心理健康联系在一起的生物机制需要研究.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查将环境污染物和气候变化与严重精神障碍联系在一起的生物机制.
- 确定关键的生物标志物和受环境暴露影响的生物途径,这些生物标志物和生物途径与心理健康相关.
- 综合人类和动物研究对环境影响精神障碍病理生理学的发现.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA指南对PubMed,Scopus和APA PsycInfo数据库进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括评估人类或动物暴露于环境污染物的生物机制 (生物标志物,途径) 的研究.
- 47项的分类包括对人类 (15),动物 (31) 和组合 (1) 模型的研究.
主要成果:
- 人类研究将颗粒物 (PM2.5,PM10) 暴露与通过炎症,氧化应激和HPA轴改变增加的抑郁和精神病复发风险联系起来.
- 动物模型证明了污染对通过炎症,氧化应激,HPA轴干扰,海马体损伤和神经递质失调对大脑功能的影响.
- 环境污染物通过各种生物途径影响心理健康,包括基因表达,炎症,氧化应激和大脑结构变化.
结论:
- 环境污染物通过可识别的生物途径显著影响人类的心理健康.
- 污染对SMD发病和恶化的影响背后的生物机制是多方面的.
- 了解这些途径对于推动SMD病理生理学研究在One Health框架内至关重要.
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