通过体育组织实施的干预措施,以促进健康行为或改善健康结果
Rebecca K Hodder1,2,3,4, Kate M O'Brien1,2,3,4, Muaamar Al-Gobari5
1School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|January 13, 2025
概括
体育组织可以促进健康的行为,可能每天增加7.4分钟的中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA),并增加水果/蔬菜的摄入量. 减少含糖饮料和酒精消费的证据仍然不确定.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 慢性疾病是全球领先的健康负担,通过健康行为和降低风险因素进行预防至关重要.
- 在公共卫生干预中,建议采用基于环境的方法,如体育组织的方法.
- 体育组织提供了一个广泛的平台,让不同的人群参与健康促进倡议.
研究的目的:
- 评估通过体育组织提供的干预措施的好处和危害,以促进健康行为 (体育活动,饮食) 和减少危险行为 (酒精,烟草).
- 评估对健康结果,其他行为和知识的影响,并根据干预特征探索变异.
- 检查这些干预措施的意外不利后果和成本效益.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索多个数据库 (CENTRAL,MEDLINE,Embase) 和试验登记册,直到2024年5月.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT),包括集群RCT,并行对照组.
- 随机效应元分析和没有元分析的合成 (SWiM) 用于数据合成,考虑到异质性.
主要成果:
- 干预措施可能会使中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA) 每天增加约7.4分钟 (中度确定性).
- 可能增加水果和蔬菜消费 (低确定性),但对久坐行为几乎没有影响 (低确定性).
- 关于降低含糖饮料和酒精消费的证据非常不确定,烟草使用和不良后果的调查结果含糊不清.
结论:
- 体育组织的干预表明,体育活动可能对身体活动产生积极影响,饮食可能有好处.
- 这些干预措施在减少含糖饮料和酒精消费方面的有效性需要进一步调查,因为证据非常不确定.
- 干预,参与者和环境的异质性需要仔细解释研究结果.
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