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认知刺激可以改善痴呆症患者的认知功能
Bob Woods1, Harleen Kaur Rai2, Emma Elliott3
1Dementia Services Development Centre Wales, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|January 13, 2025
概括
认知刺激 (CS) 为患有轻度至中度痴呆症的个人提供了小型的短期认知益处. 这种干预措施还显示了沟通,社交互动,生活质量和情绪的改善,没有报告的负面影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学和痴呆症护理
- 心理社会干预 心理社会干预
- 医疗保健中的基于证据的实践
背景情况:
- 认知刺激 (CS) 是一种广泛实施的痴呆症干预措施,涉及愉快的活动来增强思维,注意力和记忆.
- 认知培训与认知训练/康复不同的是,它广泛关注生活质量 (QoL) 和情绪,以及认知功能.
- 现有的指导方针建议使用CS,但关于输送方式和临床意义的证据需要进行系统审查.
研究的目的:
- 系统评估认知刺激 (CS) 对痴呆症患者的有效性.
- 评估对认知,生活质量,情绪和行为的影响,包括任何不良影响.
- 探索不同的实施方法如何影响CS结果.
主要方法:
- 对痴呆症的CS随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 在Cochrane痴呆和认知改进小组登记和其他数据库进行的搜索截至2022年3月.
- 根据干预方式,频率,设置,对照类型和痴呆症严重程度进行的子组分析.
主要成果:
- 包括37个RCT (2766名参与者),中等质量的证据显示了小型的短期认知益处 (SMD 0.40).
- 在沟通,社会互动 (高质量证据) 和 QoL (中等质量证据) 中观察到临床相关的改善.
- 认知益处在更频繁的会议 (每周≥两次) 和轻度痴呆症中更大.
结论:
- 认知刺激 (CS) 为轻度至中度痴呆症患者提供了小型的短期认知益处,并改善了沟通,社交互动,生活质量和情绪.
- 需要对单个CS,数字/远程交付,多组件程序和长期影响进行进一步的研究.
- 会议的频率和痴呆症的严重程度似乎影响了CS的结果,这需要进一步调查.
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