通过IR光谱检查Gravettian和Magdalenian移动性和技术组织
Benjamin Schürch1, Nicholas J Conard2,3, Patrick Schmidt2,4
1Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Institute of Prehistory, Early History and Medieval Archeology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. benjamin.schuerch@uni-tuebingen.de.
Scientific reports
|January 13, 2025
概括
这项研究使用红外光谱学来追踪中欧格拉维蒂和马格达莱尼亚狩猎采集者的石质原料来源. 调查结果显示,原材料运输网络覆盖300多公里,表明了广泛的定居地区.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 材料科学 是一种材料科学.
背景情况:
- 石质原料来源分析对于了解狩猎采集者的流动性和定居动态至关重要.
- 之前的宏观分析表明,在斯瓦比亚尤拉的格拉维蒂和马格达莱尼亚时期进行了长途运输,但缺乏可复制的方法.
- 关于该地区原材料采购的假设仍然没有通过强大的分析技术进行测试.
研究的目的:
- 测试关于中欧格拉维蒂和马格达莱尼时期石质原料起源的假设.
- 使用可重复的科学方法,研究关键考古地区之间的长途原材料运输.
- 重建采购和运输模式,并划定史前狩猎采集者的定居领土.
主要方法:
- 红外光谱测量被用来分析石质文物和原材料突起的矿物学和晶体学.
- 建立了一个参考数据库,包含来自德国南部的114个石质原料露.
- 来自11个考古遗址的文物与参考数据库进行了比较,以确定材料来源.
主要成果:
- 该研究成功地确定了Gravettian和Magdalenian遗址中使用的石质原材料的起源.
- 证据证实,在斯瓦比亚尤拉河和弗莱堡盆地 (200公里) 和阿尔特穆尔谷 (150公里) 之间存在长途原料运输.
- 采购和运输网络显示,整个德国中部的定居区超过300公里.
结论:
- 红外光谱学提供了一种可复制的方法,用于采购石质原料并重建过去的人类流动.
- 中欧的Gravettian和Magdalenian狩猎采集者从事广泛的原材料采购和运输.
- 这些发现显著扩大了我们对这些史前时期的定居模式和领土空间规模的理解.
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