身体活动干预措施对神经发育障碍儿童和青少年认知功能的比较有效性:随机对照试验的系统审查和网络元分析
Ruiyuan Tao1, Yijian Yang1, Mark Wilson2
1Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
概括
心身运动,运动游戏和多元体育活动显著改善了神经发育障碍儿童的认知功能. 心身运动对注意力特别有益,而多元体育活动在记忆和执行功能方面显示出一致的收益.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 身体活动干预措施对认知功能有积极的影响.
- 对于神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的儿童,不同类型的体育活动的有效性仍然不清楚.
- 这项研究比较了NDD人群中认知功能的身体活动干预措施,包括ADHD和ASD.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种体育活动干预措施对NDD儿童和青少年认知功能的有效性.
- 检查特定的NDD类型 (如ADHD和ASD) 的干预效应.
- 通过放弃率来评估干预的可接受性.
主要方法:
- 对31个随机对照试验 (n=1,403) 的系统审查和频率网络元分析.
- 从开始到2023年9月,搜索了七个数据库,搜索了涉及5至17岁儿童的NDD的试验.
- 使用标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和随机效应模型分析认知功能 (注意力,记忆,执行功能).
主要成果:
- 心与身体运动 (MBE),运动游戏和多元体育活动 (MPA) 与常规护理相比显示出中度至实质性的认知改善.
- 在执行功能方面,强度游戏和MPA比有氧运动 (AE) 更有效.
- 在ADHD和ASD人群中,MPA在注意力,记忆和执行功能方面表现出一致的好处,与运动游戏不同.
结论:
- MBE,exergaming和MPA对于改善NDD儿童的认知功能是有效的;AE没有效果.
- 在注意力增强方面,MBE显示出有前途,而MPA在NDD类型中为内存和执行功能提供了广泛的好处.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的直接比较试验,以验证这些网络元分析结果.
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