对于老年人护理公共卫生政策的评估工具:一个范围审查协议
Margareth Santos de Amorim1, Kleyton Santos de Medeiros2,3, Clarissa Terenzi Seixas4
1Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil margoramorim@gmail.com.
BMJ open
|January 14, 2025
概括
本范围审查审查对老年人医疗保健的公共政策进行了审查,确定了应对全球人口快速老龄化挑战的模型和评估工具. 调查结果将为改善老年护理准入的战略提供信息.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健管理的管理
背景情况:
- 全球人口正在迅速老龄化,预计到2050年,60岁以上的人口将达到21亿.
- 这种人口变化给全球医疗保健系统带来了重大挑战.
- 有效的公共政策对于确保老年人获得足够的医疗保健至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定和分析老年人医疗保健公共政策的理论和逻辑模型.
- 确定和分析针对针对老年人医疗保健的公共政策的评估工具.
- 为人口老龄化制定有效的医疗保健策略提供见解.
主要方法:
- 一个范围审查协议,遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的手册和PRISMA-ScR指南.
- 在多个数据库 (Embase,PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,CINAHL,LILACS,Science Direct) 和灰色文学中进行全面的文献搜索.
- 对已识别的研究进行描述性分析,并对研究结果进行叙述性总结.
主要成果:
- 该审查将对现有的老年医疗保健政策的理论和逻辑模型进行映射.
- 在这些政策中使用的评估工具将被确定和分类.
- 调查结果将突出当前政策框架中的差距和优势.
结论:
- 这次审查将综合有关公共政策模型和老年人医疗保健评估工具的当前知识.
- 这些发现旨在为改善老年护理提供基于证据的政策制定信息.
- 将提供建议,以提高老龄化人口的医疗保健可及性和质量.
相关概念视频
Documentation in Long-Term and Home Healthcare Setting
1.6K
Documentation in long-term care facilities and home healthcare settings is crucial for ensuring continuous, coordinated, and comprehensive care for patients. Each setting has its specific documentation processes and tools:
Long-Term Care Facilities
Long-Term Care Facilities
1.6K
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
400
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
400
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
868
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
868
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
405
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
405
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
358
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
358
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
376
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
376


