从水中的植物油中连续生产双功能平台化学品,通过循环德克斯介导的水合甲基化工
Thomas Friedrich Hubertus Roth1, Tobias Averbeck1, Marvin Daalmann1
1TU Dortmund University, Department for Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
ChemSusChem
|January 14, 2025
概括
这项研究证明了生物基的高效,可回收的催化基化成有价值的平台化学物质. 水性双相系统使可再生单体的高产量和经济可行性成为可能.
科学领域:
- 绿色化学 绿色化学
- 催化剂是一种催化剂.
- 可再生资源 可再生资源
背景情况:
- 平台化学物质对于替代化石基单体至关重要.
- 来自可再生资源的双功能甲基是生物基聚合物的关键组成部分.
- 有效和经济可行的生产,包括催化剂回收利用,对于它们的工业应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种高效且可回收的催化系统,用于生物基不和的化.
- 从可再生油化学品中生产有价值的平台化学品,特别是甲基.
- 为了证明这个工艺在工业规模的生物基化学品生产中的经济潜力.
主要方法:
- 甲基10-无酸和甲基9-无酸的Rh催化,循环德克斯介导的,水性双相化.
- 使用量身定制的实验设计优化反应条件.
- 将优化条件转移到连续的小型工厂进行工艺验证.
主要成果:
- 甲基12-氧多德酸盐和甲基11-氧多德酸盐的高产量和生产率.
- 在水态双相系统中有效的催化剂回收,保持30%的原生活性.
- 在连续的小型工厂运行中,低损耗 (0.018% h-1) 和高时空收益率 (76.5 kg h-1 m-3).
- 产品中最小的污染 (79 ppb).
结论:
- 开发的甲基化工艺为生物基平台化学品提供了一条经济可行的途径.
- 高效的催化剂回收和低金属污染是工业可行性的关键成就.
- 这项工作代表了利用可再生资源实现可持续化学生产的重大进步.
相关概念视频
03:08Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
7.8K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
7.8K
02:41Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes
12.7K
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
12.7K
02:15Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions
6.1K
Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
6.1K
01:10Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process
2.6K
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...
2.6K
01:13Esters to Carboxylic Acids: Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis
2.7K
Hydrolysis of esters under acidic conditions proceeds through a nucleophilic acyl substitution. In the presence of excess water, the reaction proceeds in a reversible manner, forming carboxylic acids and alcohols.
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
During hydrolysis, the ester is first activated towards nucleophilic attack through the protonation of the carboxyl oxygen atom by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the ester carbonyl carbon more electrophilic. In the next step, water acts as a nucleophile and adds to the...
2.7K
02:47Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
17.8K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
17.8K