在连续的Omicron感染后,祖先的SARS-CoV-2免疫印记仍然存在于RBD,但不是NTD
Zuowei Wang1, Ling Li1, Ruiping Du1
1Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人群的连续Omicron感染表明,一旦建立免疫印记,随后的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种挑战无法克服. 这种免疫印记塑造了抗体反应,特别是对受体结合域的反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 免疫印记,一种初始免疫暴露影响后续反应的现象,对于理解SARS-CoV-2变种免疫力至关重要.
- 对于Omicron变种感染对先前存在的免疫力,特别是来自祖先菌株的免疫印记的影响,仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个体中,分析B细胞对连续的Omicron感染后的反应.
- 调查Omicron暴露是否可以克服祖先的SARS-CoV-2免疫印记.
- 描述免疫印记对针对不同SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白域的抗体反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 对血中和抗体标位对抗祖先SARS-CoV-2和变种的分析.
- 单克隆抗体的结合特异性,中和能力和向表位的比较.
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人群中对B细胞反应的评估. 连续的Omicron感染.
主要成果:
- 免疫印记并非始终由非活化或重组蛋白质疫苗诱导,但一旦建立,不会被连续的Omicron挑战所抵消.
- 免疫印记主要塑造对受体结合域 (RBD) 的抗体反应,阻碍Omicron特定的中和抗体,同时促进广泛中和抗体.
- 针对N端域 (NTD) 的抗体反应受到免疫印记的影响较小.
结论:
- 连续的Omicron感染无法克服已建立的免疫印记.
- 免疫印记影响中和抗体的发展,对向RBD的抗体和向NTD的抗体有不同的影响.
- 疫苗策略可能会利用或忽视免疫印记:基于NTD的疫苗可能会诱导变异特异性抗体,而含RBD的疫苗可能会诱导广泛中和的抗体.
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