哺乳和儿童的肺功能:一个系统的审查和元分析
Ming Li1, Chao Wang2, Jiamin Wang1
1School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Journal of paediatrics and child health
|January 14, 2025
概括
哺乳与6至16岁儿童的肺功能改善有关. 三到四个月或更长时间母乳养的儿童在1秒内强制呼气体积 (FEV1) 和峰值呼气流量 (PEF) 中表现出更好的结果.
科学领域:
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肺功能发展对于长期的呼吸系统健康至关重要.
- 哺乳已被公认为其众多的健康益处,但其对肺功能的具体影响需要进一步阐明.
- 了解早期营养和呼吸系统结果之间的关系对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估母乳养与没有先前存在呼吸道疾病的儿童的肺功能之间的关联.
- 为了确定母乳养时间和独占性对螺旋计测量的具体影响.
- 综合观察性研究和随机对照试验的证据.
主要方法:
- 在2023年10月11日之前,对PubMed,Embase和Cochrane数据库进行了全面的系统搜索.
- 包括的研究是观察性 (队列,横截面,病例对照) 和随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 使用随机效应或固定效应模型的元分析是基于异质性评估的.
主要成果:
- 包括13项观察性研究 (18,152名儿童) 和5项元分析研究 (5,305名儿童) 在内.
- 与从未被母乳养的儿童相比,母乳养的儿童在一秒内显著提高了强迫呼吸量 (FEV1) 和峰值呼吸流量 (PEF).
- 与短时间母乳养的儿童相比,哺乳期为3至4个月或更长时间的儿童表现出增强的FEV1,强迫生命能力 (FVC) 和PEF.
结论:
- 这一系统性审查和元分析表明,母乳养与6至16岁儿童的肺功能改善之间存在积极联系.
- 长时间的母乳养 (≥3-4个月) 似乎给肺功能参数带来了更大的好处.
- 进一步进行高质量的研究是有必要的,以加强这些发现,并探索潜在的机制.
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