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在玉米树冠内检测,量化和描述空气中的Aspergillus flavus

Mark A Weaver¹, Lilly C Park², Michael J Brewer³

¹ARS, National Biological Control Laboratory, 59 Lee Road, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA. Mark.Weaver@usda.gov.

Mycotoxin research

|January 14, 2025

概括

随着作物成熟,空气中的Aspergillus flavus种群在玉米田中增加,德克萨斯州的 aflatoxin水平高于密西西比州. 遗传多样性很高,包括生物控制菌株类型.

科学领域:

植物病理学植物病理学
菌类学菌类学是指菌类学.
农业科学农业科学

背景情况:

玉米中阿弗拉托克辛的污染是一个重要的农业问题.
空气中传递的Aspergillus flavus的菌是发展玉米的主要感染途径.

研究的目的:

为了研究玉米树冠内的空气传播的黄菌 (Aspergillus flavus) 的丰富性,动态和产生黄毒素的潜力.
评估空气传播的A. flavus种群的遗传多样性,并确定潜在的生物控制菌株单元型.

主要方法:

实地实验是在德克萨斯州和密西西比州的两个生长季节进行的.
在玉米树冠内,在不同高度和时间监测了空气中的虫密度.
使用分子技术分析了分离的A. flavus菌株的亚氧化性和遗传多样性.

主要成果:

没有观察到有意义的日间变化或高度依赖的对形密度的影响.
空中的A. flavus种群在生长季节显著增加,从7月到8月增加了20倍以上.
德克萨斯州中位数的亚拉托克辛性比密西西比高50倍;密西西比州有高度亚拉托克辛性S型形态.
发现了很高的遗传多样性,有76个独特的单元类型,并在两个状态中检测到生物控制菌株单元类型.

结论:

玉米树冠内的空气传播的A. flavus种群是动态的,随着作物的发展而增加.
存在着显著的区域差异,其中德克萨斯州显示出比密西西比州更高的潜力.
遗传多样性和生物控制类型的存在表明了复杂的种群动态和生物控制策略的潜力.

关键词:

航空生物学航空生物学非洲毒素 (Aflatoxin) 是一种毒素.这里是Conidia Conidia.玉米玉米玉米是一种菌毒毒素是一种毒素.小小的硬化组织.

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