基于美国大规模室内测量的高分辨率国家子地图
Longxiang Li1,2, Brent A Coull1,3, Carolina L Zilli Vieira1
1Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02114.
概括
是一种放射性污染物,可引起肺癌,它使用600万次测量进行了前所未有的细节地图. 这张新的地图显示,超过8300万人生活在超出安全水平的房屋中,即使在低区域.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 地理空间分析的研究.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 是一种重要的室内空气污染物,也是美国肺癌的第二大原因.
- 现有的图缺乏必要的分辨率和时间细节,以进行有效的风险评估和监管.
- 数以百万计的物业检查子测量提供了一个独特的机会,以创建一个改进的国家地图.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用大量住宅测量数据集,开发一个最新的,高分辨率的国家色地图.
- 以更好的空间和时间准确度预测每月社区级子度.
- 为了告知公共卫生政策和法规,以减轻.
主要方法:
- 编制了一个国家数据库,包含600多万次测量 (2001-2021年).
- 开发了一个随机森林模型,结合了200个地质,气象,建筑和社会经济因素.
- 每月生成社区级度预测.
主要成果:
- 创建了一个具有更好的空间和时间精度的高分辨率国家子地图.
- 确定了超过8300万个居住在家中,度高于建议的行动水平 (148 Bq/m3) 的个人.
- 在研究期间,在高区域的平均度略有下降,但仍然存在大量的人口暴露,通常是在意想不到的地区.
结论:
- 高分辨率图对于有效的公共卫生干预和监管更新至关重要.
- 该研究强调了广泛的人口暴露于室内的情况,强调需要进行全面的测试和减缓策略,即使是在传统上不被认为高风险的地区.
- 开发的模型为评估住宅暴露和推进对其健康影响的研究提供了有价值的工具.
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