饮食或运动诱导的24小时能量可用性操纵对基质利用和性能的影响
Ella S Smith1, Megan Kuikman1, Jonathon Weakley
1Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, AUSTRALIA.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|January 14, 2025
概括
急性运动引起的低能量可用性 (LEA) 影响脂肪氧化比饮食引起的LEA更大. 24小时的LEA并没有影响男性和女性运动员的运动表现或认知功能.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 了解能量可用性 (EA) 对运动表现和新陈代谢的影响对于优化训练和营养策略至关重要.
- 基质氧化和对改变EA的代谢反应的性别差异需要进一步调查.
- 急性 (24-h) EA操纵,特别是运动和饮食影响之间的区别,对各种生理和性能结果的影响仍然是一个感兴趣的领域.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究基质氧化,食后代谢和在24小时操纵能量可用性 (EA) 后的性能方面的基于性别的差异.
- 区分运动引起的EA与饮食引起的EA变化对代谢和性能标志物的影响.
- 评估低,高和更大的能量可用性 (LEA/HEA/GEA) 对耐力运动员生理反应和表现的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用拉丁方形设计,20名耐力运动员 (10名男性,10名女性) 接受了五次为期3天的试验.
- 在第二天,通过调整能量摄入量或运动支出,操纵能量可用性以达到低,高或更高的EA (15,45,75 kcal·kg -1 FFM·d -1).
- 在第三天,评估包括禁食脂肪氧化峰值,2小时的食后新陈代谢和性能测试 (Wingate,跳跃测试,同位拉力,Stroop测试).
主要成果:
- 在运动诱导的低能量可用性 (LEA) 条件下观察到最高峰脂肪氧化,没有性别差异.
- 餐后葡萄糖和胰岛素反应在LEA被饮食诱导时是最高的,无论男女.
- 强度,功率,冲刺能力 (Wingate,跳跃测试,同位拉力) 和认知功能 (Stroop测试) 没有受到24小时LEA的显著影响,除了在能量可用性 (GEA) 较大期间式跳跃高度的下降.
结论:
- 与饮食诱导的LEA相比,急性运动诱导的LEA对禁食基质氧化有更明显的影响.
- 24小时的LEA似乎不会影响耐力运动员的力量,动力,冲刺能力或认知表现.
- 在这项研究中,对急性EA操纵的代谢和性能反应在男性和女性运动员之间没有差异.
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