人类肠道中药用多糖的选择性利用 Bacteroides 和 Parabacteroides 种类
Zepeng Qu1,2, Hongbin Liu2, Ji Yang3
1School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
Nature communications
|January 14, 2025
概括
人的肠道细菌,如 Bacteroides 选择性地消耗药用多糖. 特定的酶,如GH26,使像Bacteroides uniformis这样的细菌能够利用Dendrobium多糖体,为微生物组工程提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类肠道微生物组
- 生物化学 生化学
背景情况:
- 细菌类和菌类物种是人类关键的肠道细菌.
- 这些细菌可以代谢各种复杂的碳水化合物 (多糖).
- 了解它们的多糖利用对于开发新的益生菌和药物至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 绘制28种人类肠道细菌菌类和细菌菌类物种对20种药用多糖的利用情况.
- 为了确定选择性多糖体利用的基因组基础.
- 研究特定酶在多糖代谢中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对不同多糖的细菌生长进行系统查.
- 碳水化合物活性酶 (CAZymes) 的基因组分析.
- 比较转录组学和基因操纵 (例如,基因淘汰/补充).
主要成果:
- 在细菌物种和类型之间观察到多糖化物利用的显著差异.
- 人参多糖支持了广泛的生长,而Dendrobium多糖被Bacteroides uniformis选择性地利用.
- 在CAZymes的基因组变异,而不是多糖单糖组成,与利用模式相关.
- 证实,含有GH26酶的PUL34_Bu位点能够使Bacteroides uniformis能够利用Dendrobium多糖化物 (葡萄甘) 和其他植物衍生的曼南.
结论:
- 人类肠道的细菌类和细菌类表现出药用多糖的选择性利用.
- CAZymes 的基因组内容决定了基底特异性.
- 特定的多糖利用位点,如PUL34_Bu,对于细菌的适应和功能至关重要.
- 这些发现为设计肠道微生物组使用向的多糖提供了基础.
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