使用机器学习工具了解西地中海地区农业的传播 (公元前6~3千年)
Maria Elena Castiello1,2, Emmanuele Russo3, Héctor Martínez-Grau4
1Institut d'archéologie et des sciences de l'antiquité, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. MariaElena.Castiello@unil.ch.
Nature communications
|January 14, 2025
概括
西地中海地区的早期新石器时代农民适应了当地环境. 这项研究揭示了气候和生态如何影响农业的传播和定居,帮助农业取得成功.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 古气候学 古气候学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 新石器时代向西地中海的扩张涉及来自东方的移民,早期的农民建立了沿海定居点.
- 该地区的农业实践和定居点与东地中海和中欧模式有很大的分歧.
- 当地的环境和气候因素对这些区域差异的确切影响在很大程度上仍未确定.
研究的目的:
- 研究生态和气候约束对西地中海早期新石器时代人类人口和作物的影响.
- 了解环境变化和农业和人类定居模式的传播之间的关系.
- 确定影响新石器时代成功农业实践的关键参数.
主要方法:
- 汇编超区域,多尺度数据,包括古植物学信息,放射性碳日期和古气候模型.
- 应用机器学习方法来分析环境和气候因素的影响.
- 在不断变化的气候条件下模拟农业传播,合适的定居点和作物种植类型 (59002300 cal. ) 在公元前).
主要成果:
- 在西地中海地区新石器时代农业扩张的速度的量化.
- 确定适合早期农业社区的潜在定居区.
- 受当前气候条件影响的不同作物种植策略的歧视.
- 过去气候变化影响人类分布和农业成功的证据.
结论:
- 气候和环境因素在塑造新石器时代地中海西部的定居点和农业实践中起到了至关重要的作用.
- 了解过去的气候变化,可以了解人类的适应能力和农业系统的弹性.
- 该研究确定了该地区成功的新石器时代农业的关键环境参数.
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