健康不平等的根源和家庭内专业知识的价值
Yiqun Chen1, Petra Persson2, Maria Polyakova3
1Department of Economics, University of Illinois Chicago.
概括
在家庭中有一名医生可以通过增加预防性护理来改善健康和寿命. 这种专业知识可以显著减少健康差异和死亡率收入差距.
科学领域:
- 社会经济因素和健康结果.
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位是健康结果的重要决定因素.
- 家庭健康专业知识在影响健康行为和结果方面的作用尚未得到充分理解.
- 了解导致健康不平等的因素对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭内有医生对健康投资,身体健康和寿命的因果关系.
- 量化家庭健康专业知识对社会经济健康差异的贡献.
- 为旨在减少健康不平等的政策干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在瑞典利用了两个准实验性研究设计:医学院入学彩票和医学学位的时间变化.
- 采用计量经济学方法,确定家庭医学专业知识与健康结果之间的因果关系.
- 模拟了在人口中传播与健康有关的专业知识的潜在影响.
主要成果:
- 家庭中有医生的人在一生中增加了预防性健康投资.
- 家庭医疗专业知识与改善身体健康和增加预期寿命有关.
- 假设一项模仿这些效应的政策可以将死亡率-收入梯度降低18%.
结论:
- 在家庭中接触与健康相关的专业知识在塑造健康行为和结果方面发挥着重要作用.
- 获得健康知识和专业知识的社会经济差异对健康不平等有很大影响.
- 促进更广泛传播健康专业知识的政策可能有效地缓解社会经济健康差异.
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