基于纤维素的能量材料的关键属性和最近的发展
Khoirul Solehah Abdul Rahim1, Alinda Samsuri1,2, Siti Hasnawati Jamal1,2
1Centre for Tropicalization (CENTROP), Defence Research Institute, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Heliyon
|January 15, 2025
概括
本综述探讨了纤维素 (NC) 推进剂,详细介绍了它们的组成,燃烧和添加剂对性能和安全的影响. 它还涵盖了环境考虑和未来的研究,以提高稳定性和可持续性.
科学领域:
- 能量材料科学 能量材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 推进技术 推进技术 推进技术
背景情况:
- 基于纤维素 (NC) 的推进剂是重要的能量材料,在军事和民用应用中具有悠久的历史.
- 从无烟火药到现代配方的历史演变涉及组合的不断改进,烟雾减少和残留分析.
- 现代分析技术精确地描述NC属性,使得针对特定性能要求量身定制的化学结构成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 提供基于NC的推进剂的全面审查,涵盖它们的演变,组成和分类.
- 检查NC推进剂的燃烧动态,性能特征和优化策略.
- 讨论含量,添加剂和加工对推进剂性能,稳定性和安全性的影响,包括环境可持续性和处置.
主要方法:
- 关于纤维素推进剂的历史和现代文献的综述.
- 分析化学成分,分类和配方研究.
- 检查燃烧动态,反应区和性能优化.
- 研究添加剂 (如Bu-NENA,铜化合物,MgH2) 和加工方法的影响.
- 讨论基于PCR的检测和动态光散射等分析技术.
- 评估老化,环境因素和可持续的处置方法 (例如,性水解).
主要成果:
- 在NC推进剂中较高的含量增加了能量输出,但增加了裂变和气体产生.
- 稳定剂,Bu-NENA,铜化合物和MgH2等添加剂对于提高灵活性,热稳定性和降低灵敏性至关重要.
- 衰老和环境因素显著影响燃烧速度,需要定制配方.
- 现代分析方法允许精确控制NC属性,如置换度和摩尔质量等.
- 处置方面的创新,如性水解和NC回收,可以减轻环境风险.
结论:
- 纤维素推进剂需要精心配制,通过明智使用添加剂和加工方法,平衡能量输出与稳定性和安全性.
- 了解燃烧动态和环境因素的影响是优化性能和确保寿命的关键.
- 处理,处置和开发环保添加剂的可持续实践对于未来基于NC的能量材料至关重要.
- 对提高稳定性和安全性的持续研究将确保NC推进剂在各种应用中的持续相关性.
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