从养老院工作人员的短信中开发和评估4M分类,使用精心调整的生成语言模型
Matthew Steven Farmer1, Mihail Popescu2, Kimberly Powell1
1Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
一个精心调整的语言模型有效地从养老院短信中提取年龄友好的健康系统4M框架概念. 这有助于开发一个结构化的分类系统,以更好地了解患者的护理偏好和需求.
科学领域:
- 在医疗保健中的自然语言处理.
- 老年护理信息学 老年护理信息学
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
背景情况:
- 年龄友好型卫生系统 (AFHS) 4M框架 (重要的是什么,药物治疗,心理辅导,流动性) 对于老年人护理至关重要.
- 从非结构化的临床文本中提取4M概念是具有挑战性的.
- 需要自动化方法来处理大量的医疗保健通信.
研究的目的:
- 微调语言模型,从养老院工作人员的短信中提取AFHS 4M框架表达式.
- 将提取的表达式自动映射到结构化的分类学中.
- 探索提取的表达式中的关系和主题.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自密苏里州12个养老院的21,357条短信的数据集.
- 附注860条消息,以创建一个黄金标准数据集用于评估.
- 微调语言模型并使用科恩的卡帕 (κ ≥0.60值) 评估性能.
- 将提取物聚类,标记和排列成一个分类学.
主要成果:
- 微调的模型实现了改善的4M内容的提取, κ = 0.73.
- 确定了与护理偏好,药物,认知和移动性相关的关键表达集群.
- 证明了模型在数据中发现主题的能力.
结论:
- 4M模型和分类学的初步开发有助于从临床文本中提取知识.
- 支持未来开发一个全面的4M本体学.
- 强调语言模型在本体论创建中的作用,强调需要专家共识,并承认目前的局限性.
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