减少年轻人心理健康耻辱的干预措施:系统性审查和元分析
Marcelo A Crockett1, Daniel Núñez1,2, Pablo Martínez1,3,4
1Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths (IMHAY), Santiago, Chile.
JAMA network open
|January 15, 2025
概括
干预措施有效地减少了青少年的心理健康耻辱,改善了短期的知识,态度和行为. 社会接触方法比教育更具影响力,但需要进行长期研究.
科学领域:
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
背景情况:
- 心理健康的污名化对寻求必要支持的年轻人来说是一个重要的障碍.
- 针对青少年的耻辱是改善心理健康和获得护理的关键.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析随机临床试验 (RCT),评估旨在减少青少年和年轻成年人的心理健康耻辱的干预措施.
- 评估这些干预措施对与耻辱相关的结果和寻求帮助行为的短期有效性.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (CENTRAL,CINAHL,Embase,PubMed,PsycINFO) 搜索了涉及10-24岁参与者的RCT.
- 包括报告污名化或寻求帮助结果的研究;不包括灰色文献和没有结果的研究.
- 进行了三级多变量元分析,以计算标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和赔率比率 (OR).
主要成果:
- 对97项研究 (43852名参与者) 的分析显示,与耻辱相关的知识 (SMD=0.66),态度 (SMD=0.38),行为 (SMD=0.29) 和一般耻辱 (SMD=0.20) 的短期显著改善.
- 对于寻求帮助的态度 (SMD=0.18) 和意图 (SMD=0.14) 也观察到积极的影响.
- 与教育干预相比,社会接触干预对与耻辱相关的行为产生了更强大的影响.
结论:
- 旨在减少青少年心理健康耻辱的干预措施带来了显著的短期效益.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的随机临床试验,并进行长期随访,以充分了解和优化干预的有效性.
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