使用互联网辅助的1940年人口普查地址的地理编码来重建人口普查区,以便使用红线和纵向健康数据集
Shuo Jim Huang1, Michel Boudreaux1,2, Kellee White Whilby2
1University of Maryland Institute for Health Computing, North Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|January 15, 2025
概括
研究人员通过地理编码历史地址,创建了1940年人口普查计数区的新型数字地图. 这种映射有助于分析健康的社会决定因素以及历史红线对当前健康结果的影响.
科学领域:
- 历史地理 历史地理
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 像1940年人口普查这样的数字化历史文件提供了对健康的社会决定因素的见解.
- 1940年人口普查人口普查区的地理参考对于分析影响健康的历史地理和社会因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 定位和绘制1940年人口普查计数区的大型数据集.
- 展示这些地图对健康研究的有用性,特别是关于历史红线的研究.
主要方法:
- 利用在线资源和算法解决方案来地理引用1940年人口普查区.
- 通过使用OpenCage API将1940年人口普查地址的地理编码为720万个,并使用凸凸的船体算法构建了"虚拟"计数区.
- 将数据与房屋所有者贷款公司 (HOLC) 合并,从20世纪30年代开始红线地图.
主要成果:
- 在具有HOLC地图的地区建立了34,472个虚拟人口普查区.
- 18,340个虚拟人口普查区被新地图化,覆盖了1940年美国城市人口的40%以上.
- 96.8%的配对虚拟和先前绘制的地区共享HOLC红线分类.
结论:
- 算法方法使得健康研究的历史数据能够有效地处理和分析.
- 创建的1940年人口普查区地图可以与纵向研究相结合,以调查健康差异和社会决定因素.
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