在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,ICU获得的超级感染:相似之处和差异
Sasha-Jane Abi-Aad1, Hind Eid2, Carine Harmouche2
1Faculty of Medicine, Hotel Dieu de France, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Heart & lung : the journal of critical care
|January 15, 2025
概括
在重症监护室 (ICU) 的COVID-19患者的超级感染率较高. 机械通风和延长的ICU停留被确定为这些感染的关键风险因素.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,重症监护室 (ICU) 面临病毒性肺炎患者的激增,导致急性呼吸衰竭.
- 报告指出,全球ICU超级感染病例增加,而广谱抗生素,皮质类固醇和免疫抑制剂的作用尚不确定.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与ICU患者超级感染相关的临床因素.
- 分析COVID-19大流行期间超级感染的流行病学模式,与大流行前时期相比.
主要方法:
- 追溯性研究将2016年1月至2018年12月的ICU患者 (控制) 与2020年9月至2022年2月的COVID-19患者进行比较.
- 倾向性得分匹配用于分析临床特征.
- 多变量分析确定了COVID-19队列中超级感染的独立风险因素.
主要成果:
- 与COVID-19前的对照组相比,COVID-19患者的超级感染率 (42%对12%) 显着更高.
- COVID-19患者更有可能肥胖,并且更容易接触抗生素和皮质类固醇.
- 机械通风 (OR=5.05) 和更长的ICU停留时间 (OR=1.09) 是COVID-19患者超级感染的独立风险因素.
结论:
- 在COVID-19患者中,超级感染的增加与机械通风和长时间的ICU停留有关.
- 这些发现表明多药耐药性 (MDR) 感染的潜在影响,可能与抗生素和皮质类固醇使用有关.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定治疗和超级感染之间的因果关系.
相关概念视频
01:26Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
4.0K
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
4.0K
01:22Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.4K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.4K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
205
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
205
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
153
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
153
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
11.3K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.3K
01:26Stages of Infection
55.4K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
55.4K