心理,生理和营养措施的纵向变化以及在特种部队训练中成功的预测因素
Emily K Farina1, Jesse A Stein2, Lauren A Thompson1
1Military Nutrition Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA.
Physiology & behavior
|January 15, 2025
概括
美国陆军特种部队评估和选择 (SFAS) 和资格课程 (SFQC) 训练显著影响士兵的生理和心理状态. 身体表现,身体成分和特定的生物化学标记预测了在这个苛刻的军事训练计划中取得成功.
科学领域:
- 军事科学 军事科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 运动医学 运动医学
背景情况:
- 美国陆军特种部队评估和选择 (SFAS) 课程是一项严格的19-20天的课程,旨在为特种部队 (SF) 培训选择候选人.
- 成功完成SFAS导致了为期2年的特种部队资格课程 (SFQC),成为一名SF士兵所需的高级培训.
研究的目的:
- 在整个SFAS和SFQC计划中纵向检查士兵的生理,心理和营养状况.
- 确定从SFQC成功毕业的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及192名候选人的纵向研究,评估生物标志物,身体组成,弹性,坚,饮食质量和SFAS前,SFAS后和SFQC后的身体表现.
- 统计分析包括随时间变化的线性混合模型和物流回归,以确定SFQC毕业的预测因素.
主要成果:
- SFAS显著降低了脂肪质量和无脂肪质量,同时增加了HPA轴活动,炎症和食欲的标志物.
- 与SFAS前水平相比,SFQC后的候选人显示神经Y,脂肪质量,无脂肪质量,饮食质量和弹性下降.
- 在SFQC后观察到丸激素,DHEA-S,BDNF,IL-6和益生菌的升高. 在SFAS期间皮质醇增加,体重/脂肪量/BMI减少,以及在SFAS期间更高的体力表现预测了SFQC的毕业.
结论:
- 这项为期两年的SF训练计划在士兵身上引发了显著的生理和心理变化.
- 身体表现,身体组成 (减少质量,脂肪质量,BMI) 和特定的生物化学标记 (例如皮质醇反应) 是美国陆军特种部队训练成功的关键预测因素.
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