"被遗忘的少数群体":在医学教育中延续了无权主义
Carol Haywood1,2, Tara Lagu3,4, Maggie Salinger5
1Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. carol.haywood@northwestern.edu.
Journal of general internal medicine
|January 15, 2025
概括
医学院没有充分培训医生来照顾残疾人 (PWD),使偏见延续. 课程缺乏残疾内容,能力主义阻碍了进步,使医生没有准备好解决PWD健康差异.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 残疾人占美国成年人口的很大一部分,但在医疗保健获取,质量和结果方面面临着相当大的差异.
- 医生们经常报告说,在照顾PWD时,他们感到不准备,并抱有偏见,这凸显了医疗培训中的关键差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国医学院内残疾相关培训的现状.
- 确定医学教育如何准备或未能准备未来的医生来照顾PWD.
主要方法:
- 采用了定性批判理论方法.
- 焦点小组与美国医学院教师 (n=8) 和对残疾教育有所了解的学生 (n=9) 进行了专门采样.
- 数据分析涉及演和归纳编码,直到达到主题和.
主要成果:
- 医学院课程严重缺乏残疾内容,经常将残疾视为个人问题,而不是社会或系统问题.
- 在医疗环境中存在普遍的能力主义和对PWD的歧视,加之是过度依赖非正式的,针对课程变革的临时努力.
- 实施残疾人培训的障碍包括机构逃避责任以及在社会和教育环境中广泛存在的能力主义.
结论:
- 医学教育可能无意中通过隐藏的课程来延续对PWD的负面偏见,未能整合与残疾相关的基本内容.
- 缺乏机构和许可支持阻碍了改善残疾人培训的努力,使医生无法为美国最大的少数群体提供服务.
- 迫切需要进行课程改革,以确保医生能够为PWD提供公平的护理,并解决现有的健康差异.
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