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发育轨迹和功能大脑网络属性的差异 在早产和晚产新生儿的功能大脑网络属性
N López-Guerrero1, Sarael Alcauter1
1Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
Human brain mapping
|January 16, 2025
概括
过早出生的婴儿与满期的婴儿相比显示出大脑连接和组织的改变,即使是在相当于满期的年龄. 这些差异尽管存在快速的产后成熟,但仍然存在,影响神经发育.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 早产会导致神经发育和认知方面的改变,即使没有明显的解剖病变.
- 睡眠婴儿的休息状态功能神经图像显示了大脑连接模式的改变.
- 关于早产新生儿功能性大脑组织的发育轨迹的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在术语相当年龄的早产和终产新生儿之间大脑功能组织的图形理论属性的差异.
- 用纵向数据来描述早产新生儿功能性大脑组织的发育轨迹.
- 根据世界卫生组织的定义,探索早产的年龄小组.
主要方法:
- 利用来自正在开发的人类连接组项目的大型数据集.
- 在term (n=332) 和 preterm (n=115) 新生儿之间比较了图形理论属性 (连接强度,聚类系数,特征路径长度,总效率).
- 采用线性,二次性和日志线性混合模型来分析发育轨迹,考虑扫描时的妊娠年龄,并使用Akaike信息标准 (AIC) 进行模型选择.
主要成果:
- 在早产和晚产新生儿之间发现了连接强度,聚类系数,特征路径长度和总效率的显著差异.
- 在晚期月经后出生的新生儿中观察到更高的连接性,聚类性和效率,其特征路径长度的反向模式.
- 主要的感觉/运动区域和前肌显示出最大的群体差异,可能与早产婴儿的感觉运动和行为缺陷有关.
- 过早出生的新生儿表现出非线性发育轨迹,但即使在相当于预产期的年龄,也显示出大脑整合和分离的减少.
结论:
- 早期大脑的功能连接性,整合性和分离性质与预产期新生儿相比发生变化.
- 这些变化甚至在相当于终产期的年龄内仍然存在,尽管产后成熟显著.
- 这些发现突出了与早产相关的神经发育风险的潜在神经支.
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