在白纪中期的热足恐龙进化过程中,Cursorial ecomorphology和时间模式
Kohta Kubo1,2, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi3
1Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan.
Royal Society open science
|January 16, 2025
概括
在热足恐龙 (Coelurosauria) 中,诸如足足的专业化之类的 cursorial 特征的进化在白纪中期独立地发生在各个血统中. 这些适应运行显示不同的进化模式和遗传学约束.
科学领域:
- 古生物学的古生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 包括鸟类在内的多种类型的热足恐龙群,表现出显著的形态适应.
- 足,一个专门的脚形态,在几个coelurosaurian血统中独立进化,并与 cursoriality (跑步能力) 相关.
- 精确的时间,进化起源和这种并行进化的驱动因素仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究课程性特征进化的时间模式,特别是在Coelurosauria中,研究门和后肢比例.
- 为了确定后肢细分延长相对于不同类热足动物群体中门发展的进化序列.
- 为了确定潜在的家族遗传约束影响的分布的arctometatarsus.
主要方法:
- 分析线索性特征的时间演变,包括后肢比例和指甲.
- 通过对不同科埃洛类亚群 (ornithomimosaurs,oviraptorosaurs,tyrannosauroids,alvarezsaurs,troodontids) 的进化模式进行比较分析.
- 基于编制的进化数据,估计基于课程特征出现的分歧时间.
主要成果:
- 远端后肢细分的比例延长在鸟类类和卵类类动物中先前发生了形的进化.
- 在龙类动物,阿尔瓦雷萨类动物和三类动物中,后肢的延长和关节的收购并行发生.
- 柱体有遗传学上的限制,只出现在Coelurosauria中.
- 这些标志性特征的出现可以追溯到白纪 (93-120万年前) 中期.
结论:
- 在热足恐龙中,曲线性的进化涉及各种时途径,用于后肢和脚部的专业化.
- 遗传学历史在Coelurosauria内的arctometatarsus的分布中发挥了作用.
- 甲纪中期的类动物经历了选择性压力,有利于增强的运动性能,推动了课程适应的进化.
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