黎巴嫩传统发酵奶酪的微生物质量和生产方法
Mabelle Chedid1, Houssam Shaib2, Lina Jaber2,3
1The Livestock Sustainability (TLS), Montpellier, France.
International journal of food science
|January 16, 2025
概括
对黎巴嫩发酵乳制品的微生物学分析显示,黄金葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcus aureus) 污染很普遍,特别是在湿的基什克,这表明卫生问题. 然而,由于发酵,Ambarees的肠杆菌水平较低,微生物数量的区域差异表明卫生标准各不相同.
科学领域:
- 食品微生物学 食品微生物学
- 食品安全 食品安全
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
背景情况:
- 传统的发酵乳制品,如Ambarees和Kishk,是黎巴嫩美食的组成部分.
- 评估这些产品的微生物质量和安全性对于公众健康和乳制品行业至关重要.
- 了解影响微生物污染的生产层面因素对于提高质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估黎巴嫩安巴里和基什克 (干燥和湿形式) 的微生物质量和安全性.
- 在这些传统乳制品中检测食物传播的病原体和指示微生物.
- 确定与产品质量和生产相关的优点,弱点,机遇和威胁 (SWOT).
主要方法:
- 采集了58个随机重复的山羊奶样本,干基什克,湿基什克和Ambarees.
- 样本来源于Shouf和西Bekaa地区的生产者,代表了价值链的不同层次.
- 进行了微生物学分析,以量化特定的微生物,包括大肠杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌.
主要成果:
- 所有样本对大肠杆菌埃舍里奇亚呈阴性.
- 在所有样本中检测到金黄色葡萄球菌,湿基什克的水平明显更高,表明卫生条件差.
- 只有3.8%的Ambarees样本中发现了大肠杆菌;与Shouf.相比,在西贝卡阿牛奶样本中观察到更高的微生物数量 (有氧,大肠杆菌,S. aureus).
结论:
- 不同的生产级别普遍存在不良的卫生做法,特别明显的是湿基什克污染.
- 阿姆巴里斯的天然发酵过程 (低pH值,水活性) 限制了肠杆菌的生长,但在包装过程中可能会发生交叉污染.
- 微生物数量的区域差异表明Shouf和西Bekaa地区的卫生条件有所不同,突出了针对性干预的领域.
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