在内布拉斯加州的肉类加工工人中,COVID-19疫苗接种的促进者和障碍:使用COM-B模型进行混合方法分析
Athena K Ramos1, Priscila Soto Prado1, Marcela Carvajal-Suárez1
1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Health promotion practice
|January 16, 2025
概括
肉类加工工人面临COVID-19的风险. 疫苗接种的促进因素包括可访问的信息和工作场所的疫苗接种,而障碍则涉及错误信息和后勤挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,肉类加工行业受到严重影响,这是一个重要的行业.
- 肉类加工工人,被认为是必不可少的,面临着高风险的SARS-CoV-2暴露.
- 这些工人由疾病预防控制中心免疫接种实践咨询委员会优先接种COVID-19疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 在内布拉斯加州的肉类加工工人中确定COVID-19疫苗接种的促进者和障碍.
- 为这支必不可少的劳动力制定公共卫生干预措施和政策.
主要方法:
- 一项混合方法研究,结合了采访 (n=29) 和调查 (n=857).
- 应用COM-B (能力,机会,动机和行为) 模型来分析发现.
主要成果:
- 促进者包括可访问的疫苗信息,工作场所/社区疫苗接种地点,感知到的社会责任,对疫苗有效性的信念和激励措施.
- 障碍包括个人健康问题,信息不足,后勤挑战,信仰科学断开,强调个人选择,以及由于错误信息而引起的恐惧.
结论:
- 了解这些促进者和障碍物对于增加基本工作人员的疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要.
- 结果可以指导量身定制的公共卫生信息,指南和政策,以减轻流行病期间的职业风险.
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