癌症统计,2025年 癌症统计
Rebecca L Siegel1, Tyler B Kratzer1, Angela N Giaquinto1
1Cancer Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
|January 16, 2025
概括
由于预防和治疗的进步,癌症死亡率正在下降,但种族差异和女性癌症发病率上升威胁着未来的进展. 解决这些不平等问题对于癌症结局的持续改善至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 癌症在美国仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题,每年估计的新病例和死亡人数对于了解疾病负担至关重要.
- 虽然总体癌症死亡率有所下降,但持续而令人担忧的种族差异和发病率的变化,特别是在女性中,需要紧急关注.
研究的目的:
- 介绍2025年美国癌症发病率和死亡率的最新统计数据,分析趋势和差异.
- 突出吸烟减少,早期检测和改善治疗对癌症死亡率的影响.
- 识别和检查癌症发生和结果的重大种族和性别差异.
主要方法:
- 利用中央癌症登记处 (到2021年) 的发病率数据和国家卫生统计中心 (到2022年) 的死亡率数据.
- 分析了基于人口的癌症发生率和结果,重点关注死亡率的趋势,发病率和种族群体和性别之间的差异.
- 与男性和女性之间的癌症发病率和死亡率进行比较,以及不同年龄组和种族人口统计数据.
主要成果:
- 预计2025年在美国有2,041,910例新的癌症病例和618,120例癌症死亡.
- 癌症死亡率下降到2022年,避免了自1991年以来估计的450万例死亡.
- 显著的种族差异仍然存在,美国原住民和黑人人口在几种癌症类型中死亡率不成比例地高. 女性癌症发病率正在上升,男性与女性的比例正在缩小,在某些年龄组中超过男性的发病率.
结论:
- 尽管癌症死亡率持续下降,但由于严重的种族不平等和年轻人,特别是女性癌症负担日益增加,进步受到威胁.
- 解决癌症预防和治疗准入方面的系统性不平等问题是克服差异和确保所有种族群体获得公平结果的必要条件.
- 未来的努力必须集中在针对高风险人群的有针对性的干预措施和对基于证据的癌症控制策略的持续投资,以维持和加速降低死亡率.
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