在斯特克福因特发现的澳大利亚甲虫并没有大量食用哺乳动物的肉
Tina Lüdecke1,2,3, Jennifer N Leichliter1,2,3, Dominic Stratford4,5
1Department of Climate Geochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
概括
早期人类的饮食缺乏定期的肉食. 对人类牙面膜的分析揭示了斯特克福因特的澳大利亚甲动物主要以植物为基础的饮食,这挑战了肉类作为关键进化驱动力的理论.
科学领域:
- 古人类学
- 同位素地化学
- 古代饮食研究
背景情况:
- 动物食物的消费被认为是人类进化的驱动力,包括大脑的生长.
- 关于早期人类使用动物食物的时间和进展的直接证据很少.
- 传统的原同位素分析仅限于较年轻的化石 (<20万年) 由于基因降解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究早期人类的饮食习惯.
- 为了确定澳大利亚野兽是否经常食用哺乳动物的肉.
- 确定人类饮食中的动物资源消耗的开始和演变.
主要方法:
- 在牙质中分析-15与-14的比率.
- 在面膜内测量有机化合物的同位素.
- 在牙中碳酸盐的碳同位素分析.
主要成果:
- 和碳同位素的数据表明,斯特克福因特南方类动物的饮食变化很大,主要是植物性.
- 它们的同位素标志表明它们依赖于C3植物.
- 没有证据支持这些原始人经常食用哺乳动物肉.
结论:
- 斯特克福因特的奥斯拉洛皮塞克斯可能不经常食用哺乳动物的肉.
- 这些发现挑战了经常食用肉类是早期人类进化的主要驱动因素的假设.
- 牙面膜中保存的为古人类的研究提供了可行的方法.
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