游戏与此有什么关系? 与3岁儿童进行的具体和数字空间干预预测了空间和数学学习
Corinne A Bower1, Laura Zimmermann2, Brian N Verdine2
1Department of Psychology, California State University, Los Angeles.
Developmental psychology
|January 17, 2025
概括
早期的空间培训,使用具体或数字方法,增强学龄前儿童的空间技能,特别是那些父母教育程度较低的孩子. 然而,对数学技能的影响是有限的.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 空间技能对于STEM学习至关重要.
- 早期空间体验增强这些技能的机制尚未完全理解.
- 父母的教育水平可能会影响孩子参与空间培训并从中受益.
研究的目的:
- 研究空间组装任务中的校正反如何影响儿童的空间技能发展.
- 确定这些任务中的空间学习是否转移到近距离和远距离转移的空间和数学技能.
- 检查具体与数字培训和反类型对空间和数学结果的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 331名美国学龄前儿童被随机分配到对照组或六种空间训练条件之一 (具体/数字,具有建模和反[MF],手势或语言反).
- 培训包括5周的构建2D拼图,使用几何形状.
- 前后测试评估了2D/3D空间组合,空间语言,形状识别和数学表现.
主要成果:
- 所有六个训练条件都提高了2D空间组件的性能.
- 数字手势反独特增强的3D空间组合.
- 空间语言反 (具体和数字) 改善了形状识别.
- 具体的MF培训显著提高了父母教育程度较低的儿童的数学单词问题的表现.
- 具体和数字培训都改善了整体的空间技能,特别是对于父母教育程度较低的孩子.
结论:
- 早期的空间组装经验,无论是具体的还是数字的,都有效地建立了学龄前儿童的空间技能.
- 对数学技能发展的积极影响不那么明显.
- 反类型和培训模式相互作用,影响特定技能获取,对弱势儿童有显著的好处.
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