在联合行动期间,人际适应的社会和目标相关基础
Margherita Adelaide Musco1, Eraldo Paulesu1, Lucia Maria Sacheli1
1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca.
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
|January 17, 2025
概括
合作行动是由社会和目标因素所塑造的. 人们根据目标是否共享以及协作者是否是人类,根据错误后的适应方式不同,从而影响互动行为.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会神经科学是一种社会神经科学.
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 共同行动需要社会和目标相关的维度,以实现成功的合作.
- 人际适应,特别是错误后的调整,对于理解协作动态至关重要.
- 在调整联合行动时,社会线索和目标结构之间的相互作用仍然是需要进一步研究的领域.
研究的目的:
- 研究社会和与目标相关的维度如何影响协作运动相互作用期间的人际适应.
- 检查人类与非人类协作者的影响,以及共同与个人目标对错误后行为的影响.
- 确定社会因素和目标相关因素对联合行动调整的独立和联合影响.
主要方法:
- 两个实验 (N=23,N=24) 涉及轮换音符序列与编程错误.
- 操纵类型的凝聚器 (人类与非人类) 来评估社会维度.
- 操纵目标类型 (共享与个人) 来评估与目标相关的维度.
- 测量反应时间和行为适应后的凝聚器错误.
主要成果:
- 参与者与人类的互动时间比非人类合作者更慢,特别是在共享目标条件下,受共同合作者的人性信仰的影响.
- 当参与者所需的行动是纠正错误时,伴侣错误后的总体减速缺席 (纠正倾向效应).
- 只有在共享目标条件下才观察到校正趋势效应,不论是凝聚器类型,都表明了目标驱动的适应.
结论:
- 社会和与目标相关的维度独立且显著调节联合行动中的人际适应.
- 与目标相关的表示似乎在协作过程中驱动了特定的纠错倾向.
- 了解这些维度是优化人与人,人与计算机协作系统的关键.
相关概念视频
01:21Secondary Motives: Affiliation Motivation and Aggression Motivation
292
Affiliation motivation is the intrinsic desire to connect with others and belong to a social group, which plays a crucial role in forming and maintaining personal relationships. This type of motivation is essential for psychological well-being, as it provides individuals with a sense of community and support. An example of this is a student who joins a study group in order to feel a sense of connection. People with high affiliation motivation actively seek social approval, take satisfaction in...
292
02:06Social Exchange Theory
34.3K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
34.3K
01:30Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
482
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
482
02:12Relationship Formation
39.7K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
39.7K
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
22
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
22
01:04Social Facilitation
31.8K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
31.8K