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重新思考自闭症的心理测试:克服并发症和诊断阴影的挑战

Nihit Gupta¹, Srinija Srinivasan², Mayank Gupta³

¹Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, OH, USA.

|January 17, 2025

概括

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断在儿童中不断增加,但诊断不足仍然存在,特别是在女性,少数群体和具有高认知能力的人群中. 改进的,包容性的诊断工具和临床医师教育对于准确的自闭症识别至关重要.

科学领域:

儿科儿科儿科
神经发育障碍神经发育障碍
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的患病率在幼儿中正在增加.
患病率上升带来了诊断挑战,包括并发症和诊断阴影.
诊断不足影响特定的子组:女性,高能力的个人和少数民族.

研究的目的:

审查目前诊断自闭症的挑战.
突出现有诊断工具和方法的局限性.
强调需要改进,包容性的诊断方法.

主要方法:

对ASD患病率的流行病学数据的审查.
在不同人群中分析诊断工具的局限性 (例如,ADOS-2).
识别对准确的ASD诊断的障碍.

主要成果:

在2022-2023年期间,自闭症患病率从44分之一增加到36分之一.
性别,认知能力和种族影响ASD诊断的准确性.
农村地区获得护理的机会有限,劳动力短缺加剧了诊断延迟.

结论:

现有的自闭症诊断工具存在局限性,特别是在性别和文化差异方面.
针对不同人群的量身定制的查和诊断方法至关重要.
加强临床医生教育和文化敏感的方法对于准确的ASD评估至关重要.

关键词:

一个是AdosAdosAdos.自闭症自闭症是什么护理中的障碍.诊断诊断诊断诊断诊断诊断不同的差异差异差异.错误诊断是一个错误的诊断.

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