评估和增强日语大语言模型用于遗传咨询支持:对域调整的比较研究和专家评估数据集的开发
Takuya Fukushima1, Masae Manabe2, Shuntaro Yada1,3
1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan.
JMIR medical informatics
|January 17, 2025
概括
检索增强生成 (RAG) 显示了改善日本遗传咨询大型语言模型 (LLM) 的前景. 在临床实施之前,进一步扩展数据和伦理评估至关重要.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和生物信息学 遗传学和生物信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 由于遗传学的进步,对遗传咨询的需求越来越大.
- 由于缺乏合格的遗传咨询师,需要创新的解决方案.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 提供了增加遗传咨询支持的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估日本遗传咨询LLMs (JGCLLMs) 并确定发展挑战.
- 评估快速工程,检索增强生成 (RAG) 和指令调整的有效性.
- 为未来的JGCLLM开发建立一个专家评估的数据集.
主要方法:
- 利用质量保证和遗传咨询问题数据集用于LLM适应和评估.
- 应用指令调,RAG和提示工程到一个轻量级的日本LLM.
- 通过使用包括信息适当性,充分性,危害和医疗共识一致性在内的指标评估适应的LLM绩效.
主要成果:
- 检索增强生成 (RAG) 显示出显著的潜力,特别是在关键的遗传咨询领域.
- 与RAG相比,指令调整和快速工程产生了不那么有利的结果.
- 确定了伦理问题,包括不适当地推广产前检测和不准确的概率陈述.
结论:
- 通过数据扩展,RAG显示了增强JGCLLM的前景,并有可能通过数据扩展进一步改进.
- 专家评估的数据集为优化JGCLLMs.提供了有价值的数据.
- 伦理考虑至关重要,在临床部署之前需要严格的改进和评估.
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