表观遗传修饰和代谢基因突变驱动了对刺激性抗生素的耐药性进化
Hui Lin1,2, Donglin Wang1, Qiaojuan Wang1,2
1Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China.
Molecular systems biology
|January 17, 2025
概括
低剂量的抗生素可以意外地促进细菌的生长和耐药性. 这项研究揭示了抗生素耐药性的新代谢机制,温度上升加快,突出了超出传统药物点的更广泛威胁.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是一个主要的全球健康威胁,由滥用和细菌进化驱动.
- 传统观点认为抗生素仅仅是增长抑制剂,但低剂量可以作为促进增长的信号.
- 在这些刺激性,亚抑制性抗生素度下,耐药性的演变还不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在刺激性 (低于最低抑制度) 抗生素条件下研究抗生素耐药性的演变.
- 为了发现新的遗传和代谢机制驱动耐药性在细菌暴露于低剂量抗生素.
- 评估环境温度对抗生素耐药性演变的影响.
主要方法:
- 在不同抗生素度和温度下,细菌耐药性的实验进化.
- 对基因突变的分析,专注于代谢途径.
- 研究中央代谢途径中的甲基化模式.
- 评估细菌生长和健康状况.
主要成果:
- 确定了两个不同的耐药性机制:一种基于快速,可逆甲基化的策略,一种基于代谢基因中缓慢,稳定的突变的策略.
- 在两种抗性机制下,记录了从糖解到快速葡萄糖生成的代谢转变.
- 证明环境温度的增加加快了代谢基因突变的演变,从而产生了耐药性.
- 观察到与温度加速耐力相关的跨种类适应性之间的权衡.
结论:
- 抗生素耐药性可以通过代谢重塑进化,而不仅仅是直接抑制药物标.
- 刺激性亚最小抑制度 (sub-MIC) 抗生素为代谢适应和耐药性创造了一个选择性的窗口.
- 环境温度的上升加剧了抗生素耐药性的演变,在气候变化背景下构成了重大挑战.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
00:57Antibiotic Selection
52.2K
Overview
52.2K
00:46Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
43.4K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
43.4K
01:33Bacterial Transformation
55.1K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
55.1K
01:36Mismatch Repair
39.9K
Overview
39.9K
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
3.0K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.0K