适度的全脂和低脂酸奶消费与死亡风险降低相关:一项大规模前性分析
Zhengjun Lin1, Min Zeng2, Zijian Sui2
1Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Journal of global health
|January 17, 2025
概括
适度消费全脂和低脂酸奶与较低的全因死亡率有关. 这项研究表明,酸奶摄入可能是健康饮食的一部分,以减少死亡风险.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 酸奶是一种流行的发酵食品,提供营养,并可能降低疾病风险.
- 有限的前性数据存在于酸奶消费 (全脂或低脂) 与死亡率之间的关联.
- 这项研究调查了酸奶摄入量与死亡率之间的剂量依赖关系.
研究的目的:
- 评估全脂和低脂酸奶摄入量与所有原因和特定原因死亡率之间的关系.
- 在一个大规模的前性队列中检查剂量依赖性关联.
- 探索这些关联中的潜在的性别特异差异.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究利用英国生物库数据从186,168名参与者 (2006-2022).
- 收集了自我报告的全脂和低脂酸奶的饮食摄入量.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来分析与所有原因,癌症和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的死亡率的关联.
主要成果:
- 在平均13.4年的随访期间,死亡人数为9,402人.
- 适度消费全脂酸奶 (0-50克/天) 与所有原因死亡率的降低有关 (HR:0.82,95% CI:0.72-0.93).
- 适度消费低脂肪酸奶 (0-50g/天和50-100g/天) 也与所有原因死亡率的降低有关 (HR:0.88,95% CI:0.81-0.95和HR:0.91,95% CI:0.85-0.98,分别).
- 亚组分析表明,中度摄入全脂酸奶的女性和摄入低脂酸奶的男性的全因死亡率较低.
结论:
- 适度摄入全脂和低脂酸奶与所有原因死亡率的降低相关.
- 需要进一步的研究来证实酸奶在减少死亡率的健康饮食模式中的作用.
- 研究结果表明,将酸奶纳入饮食中有潜在的益处.
相关概念视频
Relative Risk
116
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
116
Lifestyle Factors and Health
33
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
33
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
676
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
676
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
148
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
148
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents
526
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
526
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
139
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
139


