1999年至2019年瑞士的跑步趋势:一项探索性观察性研究
Anja Witthöft1, Thimo Marcin2, Mabliny Thuany3
1Centre for Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
PloS one
|January 17, 2025
概括
瑞士的跑步参与度正在增加,特别是在超级马拉松比赛中,尽管所有比赛距离的表现都在下降. 男人比女人更快,平均年龄正在上升,特别是在更长的比赛中.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对耐力赛事日益增长的兴趣凸显了了解跑步趋势的必要性.
- 以前的研究集中在特定的种族或国家,在全面的国家分析中留下了一个空白.
- 这项研究解决了在一个国家内跨越多个距离的长期运行趋势缺乏数据的问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析瑞士5公里,10公里,半程马拉松,马拉松和超级马拉松比赛的参与趋势,性别差异,年龄和表现.
- 在20年 (1999-2019) 期间检查这些趋势.
- 为运动员,教练和比赛组织者提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在瑞士的五个比赛距离中分析了1,172,836名完成者 (1999-2019).
- 包括总完成者的数据,性别,年龄和性能 (m/s).
- 排除非加工人员和应用描述性和线性混合模型.
主要成果:
- 半程马拉松是最常见的 (33.1%),超级马拉松是最少的 (8.5%),最近超级马拉松的完成者越来越多,特别是在步道跑中.
- 男人占完成者的68.4%;女性仅在5公里比赛中 (55.3%) 超过男性.
- 随着时间的推移,男女所有距离的表现都下降了;男性比女性更快. 10公里比赛显示出最好的表现. 平均年龄随着比赛距离的增加而增加,除了最近超级马拉松的减少外.
结论:
- 超级马拉松的参与,特别是步道跑,正在增长,而整体表现正在下降.
- 男性的表现始终优于女性,老年运动员越来越多地参加耐力赛事.
- 这些发现对于训练,比赛组织和医疗支持至关重要,特别是在耐力运动中老龄化的人口方面.
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