伊朗德黑兰12岁及以下儿童使用预防性和治疗性牙科服务,基于安德森行为模型:一个通用的结构方程建模模型
Elaheh Amirian1,2, Samaneh Razeghi1,2, Alireza Molaei3
1Dentistry Research Institute, Research Center for Caries Prevention, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
PloS one
|January 17, 2025
概括
这项研究考察了伊朗德黑兰12岁以下儿童使用牙科服务的情况. 父母对口腔健康需求的看法和社会经济地位显著影响了预防性和治疗性牙科护理的使用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 牙科公共卫生 牙科公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织主张全民医疗覆盖,强调需要了解影响服务利用的因素.
- 牙健康是儿童整体福祉的关键组成部分,但服务的获取和使用情况有很大差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估伊朗德黑兰12岁及以下儿童使用预防性和治疗性牙科服务的情况.
- 通过安德森的行为模型,在这个儿科群体中确定与牙科服务利用相关的倾向性,启用性和需求因素.
主要方法:
- 一项基于电话的横截面调查于2023年在伊朗德黑兰进行,涉及886名12岁及以下的儿童.
- 采用通用结构方程建模 (GSEM) 来分析牙科服务利用率和相关因素的数据.
- 通过标准问卷收集有关治疗和预防/咨询牙科服务的信息.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,22.1%的儿童在过去一年中使用了治疗性牙科服务,19.9%的儿童使用了预防性/咨询服务.
- 对于较小的儿童 (≤6岁),年龄和父母感知到的口腔健康需求是治疗护理的关键预测因素,而年龄,知识,早期牙科诊所和社会经济地位则预测了预防性护理.
- 年龄较大的儿童 (7-12岁) 显示了知识,早期牙科诊所,社会经济地位,牙科保险,父母感知口腔健康需求和治疗护理利用之间的关联;预防护理与早期牙科诊所,口腔健康行为,社会经济地位和感知需要有关.
结论:
- 倾向性,启用性和需求因素显著影响12岁以下儿童使用牙科服务.
- 调查结果突出了可修改的决定因素,如社会经济地位和感知到的口腔健康需求,这对于旨在加强儿童牙科护理准入的政策制定者至关重要.
- 针对这些因素可以改善牙科服务的利用率,并有助于实现儿童普遍医疗覆盖的目标.
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