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确定遭受身体虐待的儿童的危险因素:系统性审查
Alexandra Flaherty1, Samir Ghandour, Karina Mirochnik
1From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory (FARIL), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Flaherty, Ghandour, Mirochnik, Lucaciu, Nassour, Kwon, and Ashkani-Esfahani); the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Kwon, Harris, and Ashkani-Esfahani); and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Division Foot and Ankle, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Kwon and Ashkani-Esfahani).
身体虐待儿童的危险因素包括年龄较小,男性性别,少数民族种族和较低的社会经济地位. 医生在评估儿童时应考虑这些因素和骨折和头部受伤等临床症状.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 儿童虐待研究 儿童虐待研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 虐待和忽视儿童影响约25%的美国儿童,18%的儿童遭受身体虐待.
- 医生在区分意外伤害与身体虐待儿童方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 识别风险因素对于早期发现和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查最近关于与身体虐待儿童相关的风险因素的文献.
- 为医疗保健专业人员提供对虐待儿童的潜在指标的全面了解.
主要方法:
- 对三个电子数据库进行了系统审查,搜索了过去10年发表的文章.
- 关键词包括"滥用"",危险因素"和"儿童".
- 在由两个独立审稿人进行的顺序选过程后,包含了63篇文章,随后进行了数据提取和叙事综合.
主要成果:
- 确定的社会人口风险因素包括年龄较小,男性性别,非洲裔美国人或西班牙裔种族,非私人保险,收入较低和母亲教育水平较低.
- 其他重大风险因素包括儿童虐待史,出生缺陷以及发育,肌肉骨,智力或情绪障碍.
- 暗示虐待的临床和放射性迹象包括腹腔内血瘤,创伤性脑损伤,视网膜损伤,伤,表面皮肤损伤,肺损伤以及头骨,大腿骨,关节骨,手腕和脚骨的骨折.
结论:
- 这一系统性审查强调了儿童身体虐待的关键风险因素.
- 调查结果为医疗保健提供者提供了宝贵的见解,用于在临床环境中评估儿童.
- 了解这些风险因素可以帮助识别和预防虐待儿童.
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