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在哪个周期值水平上,狗能够在人类中检测SARS-CoV-2?

Víctor M Vidal-Martínez¹, Juan Manuel Mancilla-Tapia², Lilia C Soler-Jiménez¹

¹Aquatic Pathology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN) Unidad Mérida, Mérida, Yucatán, México.

|January 17, 2025

概括

训练有素的狗可以在特定的病毒载荷范围内检测SARS-CoV-2感染,提供可持续的诊断替代方案. 它们的最佳性能与快速抗原测试保持一致,为早期检测提供了一个补充工具.

科学领域:

狗的嗅觉和疾病检测.
病毒学和分子诊断.
公共卫生和诊断策略.

背景情况:

狗可以检测SARS-CoV-2,但性能因病毒载量而异.
来自RT-qPCR的循环值 (Ct) 表示病毒载量.
确定最佳的Ct范围用于犬类检测至关重要.

研究的目的:

确定特定的Ct值范围,以优化狗的SARS-CoV-2检测.
评估在现实生活中训练有素的狗的敏感性和特异性.

主要方法:

从感染者和非感染者的汗水样本和流行病学数据收集.
使用RT-qPCR来确定SARS-CoV-2感染状态和CT值.
在379个汗水样本上评估了11只训练有素的狗的表现.

主要成果:

五只狗的敏感度在67%至87%之间;所有狗的特异性≥90%.
最佳检测准确度发生在Ct范围内的18.4929.17 (N1) 和24.0726.69 (N2).
在最佳范围之外的Ct值 (Ct <16或> 30) 时,检测准确度显著下降.

结论:

训练有素的狗可以在特定的病毒载荷范围内有效检测SARS-CoV-2 (Ct 18.4929.17).
狗的检测性能与快速抗原测试相当.
使用训练有素的狗提供了一个可持续的,快速的,经济高效的补充诊断方法.

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