高活性Am-Be混合场辐射设施的多层屏蔽优化241
N A Kotb1, A H M Solieman2, T El-Zakla1
1Radiation Protection & Safety Department, Hot Laboratories Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.
概括
使用蒙特卡洛模拟,优化了美国-辐射设施的中子和玛屏蔽. 使用,和含的设计符合国际辐射保护委员会对工人的剂量限制.
科学领域:
- 核工程 核工程是指核工程.
- 辐射保护 辐射保护
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 设计有效的对放射性源,如美- (Am-Be) 的屏蔽对于职业安全至关重要.
- 之前的中子辐射设施设计需要优化,以满足严格的剂量限制.
- Am-Be 源发射中子和马射线,因此需要全面的屏蔽策略.
研究的目的:
- 为了优化30Ci (1.11TBq) Am-Be辐射设施的中子和马射线屏蔽.
- 根据ICRP的建议,将职业暴露工人的有效剂量率降至10μSv/h以下.
- 根据有效性,重量和成本来评估各种屏蔽材料.
主要方法:
- 使用MCNP5蒙特卡洛模拟代码进行剂量速率计算和屏蔽设计.
- 研究了多种屏蔽材料,包括,化,,铜,和.
- 计算了考虑Am-Be中子,Am-241衰变中的马射线,C-12脱刺激和中子相互作用的剂量率.
主要成果:
- 确定了一个最佳的屏蔽配置,包括10厘米的,2.5厘米的和31.5厘米的化.
- 实现了降低有效剂量速率,满足国际辐射保护委员会 (ICRP) 的10μSv/h安全要求.
- 优化屏蔽的结果是一个紧的立方体设施,总长104.2厘米.
结论:
- 拟议的屏蔽设计有效地减轻来自Am-Be源的中子和玛辐射.
- 石,和酸石的组合提供了一个具有成本效益和高效的屏蔽解决方案.
- 该研究提供了Am-Be辐射设施安全运行的经过验证的设计,确保符合职业健康标准.
相关概念视频
Nuclear Power
7.7K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
7.7K
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current
820
An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
820
Biological Effects of Radiation
15.3K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.3K
Nuclear Transmutation
17.4K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
17.4K


