积极后果对后来的激励评级和饮用量的影响
Lindy K Howe1, Polly F Ingram2, Rachel L Gunn1
1Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.
酒精的积极后果并没有增加年轻人的未来饮酒激励. 相反,它们与轻微下降有关,突出了饮酒奖励和行为之间的复杂关系.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 在年轻人中,饮酒很常见,通常涉及过度饮酒和各种后果.
- 了解饮酒的积极结果如何影响未来的行为对于干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查积极的酒精后果对后续激励评级和年轻成年人的饮酒行为的影响.
- 调查体验积极饮酒结果和对与酒精有关的线索敏感度增加之间的潜在积极反循环.
主要方法:
- 一个移动的日常日记研究在两周内与104名年轻成年人进行.
- 收集的数据包括特定事件的积极酒精影响,激励评级 (社会/聚会,酒精) 和饮酒量.
- 统计分析评估了过去后果对未来激励评级的影响以及激励评级与饮酒行为之间的联系.
主要成果:
- 积极的酒精影响出乎意料地与随后的酒精激励评级的下降有关 (b = -0.13,p = 0.03).
- 过去的饮酒经历并没有显著调节激励评级和饮酒量之间的关系.
- 社会/党派和酒精的激励评级增加与个人饮酒量变化有关 (IRR = 0.45,p < 0.001和IRR = 0.39,p < 0.001).
结论:
- 积极的饮酒后果和随后的行为之间的关系是复杂的,而不是一个简单的积极的反循环.
- 个人差异,经历的后果和突出的奖励显著影响未来的饮酒模式.
- 需要对学习机制和多样化的群体进行进一步的研究,以改进减少风险饮酒的策略.
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