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在手术前故意减肥 - - 一个系统的审查

Erik Stenberg¹, Anna Laurenius², Anders Thorell³

¹Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

|January 17, 2025

概括

手术前的低能耗饮食 (LED) 或非常低能耗饮食 (VLED) 可以缩短手术时间并减少特定手术的并发症. 证据支持在减肥,胆囊切除,结肠直肠和修复手术之前使用它们.

科学领域:

外科手术的结果
肥胖管理肥胖管理
饮食干预饮食干预

背景情况:

肥胖增加了手术复杂性和外科手术期间的风险.
低能耗饮食 (LED) 和非常低能耗饮食 (VLED) 显示出减肥的前景.
在一般手术中使用LED/VLED的证据是不确定的.

研究的目的:

系统地审查常规手术前使用LED/VLED的科学证据.
评估LED/VLED对手术结果的影响.
评估手术前减肥饮食的安全性和有效性.

主要方法:

在Medline,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane数据库中进行了搜索.
使用Cochrane和NIH工具评估研究质量.
分析了使用随机效应模型的操作时间,并发症和疗效.

主要成果:

包括18项研究 (9项RCT,9项观察性) 涉及1733名患者.
手术前的LED/VLED显著缩短了操作时间 (SMD 0.36,p=0.002).
在减肥,胆囊切除,结肠直肠和修复手术中观察到的术后并发症减少 (RR 0.63,p<0.001).

结论:

手术前的LED/VLED支持在减肥,胆囊切除,结肠直肠和修复之前减肥.
为了在其他外科手术中常规使用,需要进一步的研究.
运行时间的异质性高,并发症的低.

关键词:

进行元分析分析.肥胖问题肥胖问题运行时间运行时间术后并发症术后并发症系统性审查系统性审查减肥的方法减肥的方法减肥的方法

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