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频率特定的前额活动变化与不适应的信念更新相关,在易感性双相情感障碍的不稳定环境中更新

Marina Ivanova¹, Ksenia Germanova², Dmitry S Petelin³

¹Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.

Translational psychiatry

|January 17, 2025

概括

双相情感障碍 (BD) 患者更能预测环境变化,但学习效率较低,导致不适应的信念更新. 大脑关键区域的神经活动在决策过程中显示出改变的模式.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
认知心理学认知心理学

背景情况:

双极性障碍 (BD) 的特点是改变奖励处理和决策.
之前的研究表明,在BD中学习率方面存在不一致的发现.

研究的目的:

通过使用层次的贝叶斯模型和磁脑图 (MEG) 来研究在euthymic双相情感障碍中不适应的信念更新.
为了确定对环境变化的预期是否会提高BD的学习率.
在信念更新过程中检查前额叶皮质 (PFC),轨道前额叶皮质 (OFC) 和前带皮质 (ACC) 中的神经活动调制.

主要方法:

在22名BD参与者和27名健康对照者 (HC) 上使用了层次化的贝叶斯模型和MEG.
参与者在一个不稳定的环境中完成了基于奖励的运动决策任务.
分析了学习率,行动结果突发事件和获胜率的行为数据.
检查神经活动,包括节奏活动和指导信息流,在特定的大脑区域.

主要成果:

BD参与者预计环境波动更大,导致随机信念-行动映射,较低的胜利率和减少的行动重复.
与HC相比,BD个体对行动结果应急预期的调整速度较慢,但与HC相比,类似的行动激励.
神经分析显示,在BD的信念更新过程中,α-β抑制和马增加减弱,同时在PFC,OFC和ACC中增加了β频段定向信息流.

结论:

优性BD个体表现出预测变化的模式,没有足够的学习,导致不适应的信念更新.
在信念更新过程中,PFC,OFC和ACC中神经活动 (频域振幅和功能连接) 的改变是这些计算缺陷的基础.
这些神经变化可以作为潜在的生物标志物,用于预测双相情感障碍的复发.

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