负载转移策略,以节约废水设施的成本效益减排
Fletcher T Chapin1, Daly Wettermark1, Jose Bolorinos1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Environmental science & technology
|January 18, 2025
概括
废水设施可以通过将能源使用转移到电网碳强度较低的时间来减少排放. 优化能源储存和灵活运营可以减少高达16.8%的排放,但节约取决于碳成本和电价.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 废水处理技术 废水处理技术
背景情况:
- 电力碳强度的每小时变化为废水设施的排放减少提供了机会.
- 储能 (废水,生物气或电力) 和灵活运营是负载转移的潜在策略.
- 这些负载转移策略的生命周期排放和成本需要彻底调查.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一个多目标优化框架来比较成本和减排的负载转移策略.
- 评估成本和排放之间的权衡,以灵活运行现有和升级的能源基础设施.
- 评估现实世界工业能源关税和碳的社会成本对潜在节约的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个多目标优化框架来分析负载转移策略.
- 利用加利福尼亚州的废水设施作为特定电网和定价特征的案例研究.
- 评估现有基础设施的成本和排放权衡,以及最佳尺寸的能源灵活性升级.
主要成果:
- 现有基础设施的灵活运行可以实现高达9.0%的与能源相关的排放减少.
- 最佳尺寸的储存升级显示出高达16.8%的减排潜力.
- 工业能源关税和碳的社会成本大大减少了实际节约.
结论:
- 能源灵活性是减少废水行业排放的有希望的短期解决方案.
- 能源灵活性战略的有效性高度敏感于碳成本,电价和电网排放强度.
- 为了在各种经济和环境条件下优化这些策略,需要进一步的研究.
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