一项关于12岁耐力运动员及其非耐力训练同龄人最大氧气摄入量和心血管功能的前性研究
Halvard Grendstad1, Sigrun Ådnegard Skarstad2,3, Thor Edvardsen2,3
1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|January 18, 2025
概括
12岁的耐力运动员比非运动员有更高的最大氧气吸收 (V·O2max) 和心血管功能. 然而,训练并没有改变年轻运动员在14个月内这些措施的进展.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 儿科 体育科学 儿童体育科学
- 心血管适应心血管适应
背景情况:
- 在耐力训练的青少年中,最大的氧气摄取量 (V ̇O2max) 通常更高.
- 青少年对V̇O2max的培训的机制和发展影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较12岁的耐力运动员与14个月的对照对象的V̇O2max和心血管功能.
- 研究持续耐力训练对青春期生理适应的影响.
主要方法:
- 长度研究追踪12岁的孩子 (越野滑雪者与对照者) 14个月.
- 评估了人体测量,VO2max,血红蛋白质量 (Hb质量),血液体积 (BV) 和左心室形态四次.
- 两个组的量化每周培训时间.
主要成果:
- 耐力运动员 (END) 每周训练的时间明显多于对照组 (CON).
- END相对于无脂肪质量 (FFM) 的V̇O2max比CON.高18%以上.
- 与FFM相比,END显示较高的中风体积 (SV) 和左心室终端透缩体积 (LV EDV),Hb质量或BV.没有显著差异.
- 对于V̇O2max或心血管参数,没有观察到显著的按时间分组相互作用.
结论:
- 12岁的耐力运动员与未受过训练的同龄人相比,具有更高的VO2max,LVEDV和SV.
- 血液体积和血红蛋白质量在各组之间没有显著差异.
- 尽管训练量不同,但在14个月的研究期间,VO2max和心血管指标的发育轨迹在14个月的研究期间仍然相似.
相关概念视频
01:47Lung Capacity
49.3K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
49.3K
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
904
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
904
01:24Respiratory Capacities
614
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
614
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
722
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
722
01:25Pulmonary Function Tests
298
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
298
01:19Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation
532
Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is...
532