光,黑色素和昼夜基因在皮肤颜色调节中的相互作用
Gabriel E Bertolesi1,2, Nilakshi Debnath1,2, Neda Heshami1,2
1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Pigment cell & melanoma research
|January 18, 2025
概括
昼夜节律控制Xenopus laevis的皮肤颜料 (黑色素) 生产,主要是通过黑色素信号传递而不是光线暴露. 这种激素控制影响黑色素合成和细胞增殖.
科学领域:
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 循环节律调节重要的皮肤功能,如紫外线保护和细胞更新.
- 黑色素以光敏感的方式产生,在荷尔蒙控制昼夜节律方面起着关键作用.
- 加密染色体和光素是参与皮肤色素细胞昼夜调节的光敏感蛋白质.
研究的目的:
- 研究光暗周期和黑激素在Xenopus laevis melanophores中调节黑色素合成和细胞增殖中的协调作用.
- 了解昼夜核心基因及其调节在黑色素体功能中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在体内和体外研究了Xenopus laevis melanophores上的光/黑暗周期和黑素影响.
- 在不同的条件下分析了昼夜核心基因 (clock,bmal1,per1-3,cry1-4) 的表达.
- 研究了药理上抑制加密色素降解 (KL001) 和持续的光/黑暗暴露的影响.
主要成果:
- 的色素表现出强大的,激素驱动的昼夜调节,黑色素体对黑激素的反应比光线更强烈.
- 与12/12光/黑暗周期相比,黑色素的增殖在黑暗中更快,在黑色素治疗中更慢.
- 通过昼夜循环放松调节抑制黑色素合成,包括药理上抑制加密色素,持续的光/黑暗,以及黑激素治疗.
结论:
- 循环节律调节,特别是通过黑激素,是黑色素体中黑色化变化的主要驱动因素,超过了繁殖能力.
- 密码染色体的合作行动对于它们在化和扩散中的功能至关重要.
- 黑色素信号传递是对皮肤色素的昼夜控制的关键调节者.
相关概念视频
02:19Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation
4.0K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
4.0K
01:19Pigmentation
2.3K
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
2.3K
02:45Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
34.6K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
34.6K
01:14Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
1.8K
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
1.8K
01:23Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis
5.1K
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
5.1K
01:39Epistasis
46.5K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
46.5K