在破坏性行为和同时发生的ADHD中解开抑制反应的神经支柱
Gülhan Saraçaydın1, Daan van Rooij2,3, Renee Kleine-Deters1
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|January 18, 2025
概括
破坏性行为障碍 (DBDs) 和注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 在响应抑制方面显示出不同的神经模式. 在DBD和ADHD中,症状严重程度与独特的大脑区域激活有关,这表明对抑制控制有单独的贡献.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
背景情况:
- 响应抑制受损是注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的标志.
- 在破坏性行为障碍 (DBDs) 中关于响应抑制的发现是不一致的,可能是由于重叠的ADHD症状.
- 需要一个维度方法来解开ADHD和DBD症状严重程度对抑制控制的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查反应抑制的行为和神经相关物之间的关联以及DBD和ADHD的症状严重程度.
- 检查这些关联的尺寸,对每个疾病的症状严重程度有所不同.
- 区分DBD和ADHD对抑制反应的神经机制的独特贡献.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于35名患有DBD的儿童和青少年和31名年龄匹配的对照.
- 参与者执行了性能调整的停止信号任务,以评估响应抑制.
- 评估了DBD和ADHD的症状严重程度,并将其作为分析中的共变量.
主要成果:
- 在行为表现和症状严重程度之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 在成功抑制和失败抑制期间,DBD症状严重程度与右下额头激活的较大程度相关.
- ADHD症状严重程度与成功与失败抑制期间的双边条纹性激活减少,以及在失败抑制与去试验期间的前侧状区域的激活变化有关.
结论:
- DBD和ADHD症状严重程度与响应抑制期间的神经激活模式有明显的,往往相反的关联.
- 这些发现表明DBD和ADHD对抑制控制的神经支柱的独特贡献.
- 维度方法强调了在神经发育障碍中考虑并发症症状学的重要性.
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