西班牙干眼病的流行:基于人口的调查 (PrevEOS)
José M Benítez-Del-Castillo1, Bárbara Burgos-Blasco2
1Ramón Castroviejo Ophthalmologic Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Clínica Rementería, Madrid, Spain.
The ocular surface
|January 19, 2025
概括
干眼病 (DED) 影响西班牙人口的16.6-22.5%,年轻人经常出现症状,但诊断率低. 提高DED意识至关重要,特别是对于这个人口群体.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 干眼病 (DED) 是一种普遍存在的眼部疾病,对生活质量产生重大影响.
- 了解DED的流行程度和风险因素对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定干眼病 (DED) 在西班牙的全国流行情况.
- 在西班牙人口中识别DED相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 2022年在西班牙各地对3019人进行了一项代表性的横截面电话调查.
- 参与者完成了一项由42个问题组成的关于人口统计,DED诊断,症状,并发症,药物和数字屏幕使用的调查.
- 干眼病 (DED) 的诊断是使用妇女健康研究 (WHS) 和北京眼睛研究 (BES) 的标准进行的.
主要成果:
- DED的患病率为16.6% (WHS标准) 和22.5% (BES标准),女性患病率更高.
- 年轻的成年人 (18-29岁) 报告了DED症状的高频率,但临床诊断率低.
- 显著的危险因素包括糖尿病,玻璃眼瘤,白炎,某些药物 (抗抑郁药,血压药,安眠药),之前的眼科手术和数字屏幕使用 (每天<6小时).
结论:
- 干眼病 (DED) 的流行率在西班牙很高,特别影响具有高症状负担和低诊断的年轻人.
- 需要提高年轻人群体对DED的认识和临床诊断.
- 公共卫生战略应解决已确定的风险因素,包括药物使用和数字屏幕习惯.
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