转录因子在人类胎儿脑下细胞核中的表达表明它起源于第一个脑下细胞前体
Ema Bokulić1,2, Tila Medenica1,2, Mihaela Bobić-Rasonja1,2,3
1Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Brain structure & function
|January 20, 2025
概括
这项研究绘制了人类胎儿大脑中转录因子表达的地图,揭示了下丘脑核的共享下丘脑起源,挑战了大脑发育的旧模型.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 人类胚胎学 人类胚胎学
背景情况:
- 人类大脑结构的发育起源,特别是亚thalamic 核,仍在争论中.
- 经典的组织学研究提出了亚脑核神经元的二脑起源.
- 体模型提出了基于发育单元的脑核的替代起源.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类胎儿子体内核和相邻区域中关键转录因子 (PITX2,FOXA1,BARHL1,FOXP1,FOXP2) 的时空表达模式.
- 通过分析人类胎儿发育期间的转录因子表达来确定脑下核神经元的发育起源.
- 提供支持或反驳现有的大脑发育模型的证据.
主要方法:
- 对转录因子表达的免疫组织化学分析 (PITX2,FOXA1,BARHL1,FOXP1,FOXP2).
- 研究人类胎儿大脑组织从怀孕后11周 (PCW) 到出生后3个月.
- 检查亚thalamic核,条纹体, thalamus,网状核,不确定区域和横向下丘脑-上丘脑区域 (LHA-SMA) 中的表达模式.
主要成果:
- 所有五个转录因子都以11个PCW表达.
- 发现FOXP1和FOXP2存在于体下核,条纹体,体下核和网状核中,但不存在不确定的区域.
- PITX2,FOXA1和BARHL1仅在甲状腺下核和LHA-SMA表达,而BARHL1在妊娠晚期的LHA-SMA下降.
- 此外,FOXP2也被检测到侧面的下丘脑-上丘脑区域 (LHA-SMA) 和内部状细分.
结论:
- 这项研究在人类胎儿大脑中提供了第一个证据,即亚thalamic核神经元起源于与LHA-SMA神经元共同的下丘脑 (hp1前列体) 源.
- 这些发现支持大脑发育的体模型,并挑战了对亚脑细胞核二脑起源的古典观点.
- 转录因子的独特表达模式突出显示了人类大脑核的复杂发育轨迹.
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